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Line 1: − + − + + + + + + + + + + + − <p><strong>The fundamental components of a swale are:</strong>+ − <ul>+ − <li>Graded channel</li>+ − <li>Planting</li>+ − </ul>+ − <strong>Additional components may include:</strong>+ − <ul>+ − <li>[[Filter media]] - an engineered soil mix</li>+ − <li>[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports</li>+ − <li>[[Liner|Impermeable membrane]] to prevent infiltration to soils below</li>+ − <li>[[Turf reinforcement]] to prevent scour</li>+ − <li>[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding</li>+ − </ul>+ − </p>+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
→Overview
This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration. <br>
This article is about installations designed to capture and convey surface runoff along a vegetated channel, whilst also promoting infiltration. <br>
For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]].
For underground conveyance which promotes infiltration, see [[Exfiltration trenches]]. <br>
For design recommendations on grassed channels, see [[Enhanced grass swales]].
For design recommendations on channels in which surface flow is controlled with [[check dams]], see [[Enhanced swales]].
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==Overview==
'''The fundamental components of a bioswale are:'''
*A graded channel
*[[Plant lists|Planting]]
*[[Underdrain]] with clean out and inspection ports
*[[Bioretention: Filter media | Filter media]], to permit infiltration into the facility (not necessarily to soils below)
'''Additional components may include:'''
*[[Liner|Impermeable liner]] to prevent infiltration to soils below
*[[Check dams]] to facilitate short tern ponding
==Planning considerations==
Bioswales are sized as narrow linear [[bioretention cells]].
[[Drainage time]] of bioswales is typically lower than other geometric configurations of similarly sized bioretention facilities, owing to the higher hydraulic radius of the sides.
==Design==
*[[Bioretention: Sizing]]
==Inlets==
{{:Inlets}}
==Overflow==
{{:Overflow}}
==Materials==
All forms of bioretention are complex in their structure, so please follow separate links for the materials.
*[[Plants]] and [[Planting design]]
*[[Bioretention: Filter media]]
*[[Choker layer]]
*[[Underdrains]]
==Gallery==
{{:Bioswales: Gallery}}
==Planting Design Considerations==
*Where possible a combination of native trees, shrubs and perennial herbs should be used in addition to grasses.
*Most bioswales will be situated to receive full sun exposure. The ‘Exposure’ column in the master plant list identifies the sun exposure condition for each species.
*Facilities with a deeper media bed (greater than 1 m) provide the opportunity for a wider range of plant species (including trees).
*For applications along roads and parking lots, where snow may be plowed or stored, non-woody and salt tolerant species should be chosen.
*Proper spacing must be provided for aboveground and below ground utilities, and adjacent infrastructure.
==Performance==
{{:Bioswales: Performance}}