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Line 1: − <div class="col-md-8"> − ===Overview===+ − <p>As their name suggests infiltration chambers work exclusively to infiltrate stormwater. They are an underground facility and are often used beneath parking lots or playing fields to treat flow routed from other areas.</p>+ − + − <p><strong>The fundamental components of an infiltration gallery are:</strong> − *Structurally reinforced chambers − *Layers of [[Reservoir_gravel|coarse aggregate]] to bed the chambers and redistribute water. − *[[Pipes|Perforated pipe]] − </p> − </div> − <div class="col-md-4"> − <panelWarning> − <gallery mode="packed" widths=300px heights=300px> − Infiltration Chambers.png| Schematic diagram of an underground infiltration gallery − </gallery> − </panelWarning> − </div> − <div class="col-md-12"> − ---- − ===Planning Considerations=== − + − <h4>Sizing</h4>+ − {{:Infiltration: Sizing and modeling}}+ − ----+ − + − <h5>Chambers</h5>+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − <h5>Aggregates</h5>+ − + − <h5>Other</h5>+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − ===Construction=== − {{:Infiltration: Construction}} − ---- − ===Incentives and Credits=== − <h4>In Ontario</h4> − <h4>LEED BD + C v. 4</h4> − {{:LEED: Rainwater management}} − ---- − [[category:infiltration]]
→Planning Considerations
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==Overview==
As their name suggests infiltration chambers work exclusively to infiltrate stormwater. They are an underground facility and are often used beneath parking lots or playing fields to treat flow routed from other areas.
{{TextBox|1=Infiltration chambers are an ideal technology for:
{{textbox|1=Infiltration chambers are an ideal technology for:
*Installing below any type of surface or landscape
*Installing below any type of surface or landscape
*Receiving and infiltrating large volumes of water}}
*Receiving and infiltrating large volumes of water}}
===Design===
'''The fundamental components of an infiltration chamber system are:'''
*[[Pretreatment]] devices to retain trash, debris, sediment and floatables and prevent clogging of inlets, underlying native soil and outlets;
*Storage reservoir consisting of structurally reinforced chambers, vaults, crates, perforated pipes or other void-forming structures embedded in [[Reservoir_gravel|coarse aggregate]];
*[[Pipes|Pipes]] and possibly flow control structures to convey water into and out of the practice; and
===Materials===
*[[Geotextiles]] to maintain separation between the storage reservoir and surrounding native soil.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2"|System type
! Perforated pipes
! Vaults
! Arched chambers
! Crates
|-
|[[File:SWM Pipe.jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:SWM Vaults.jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:SWM Arches.jpg|frameless]]
|[[File:SWM Crates.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| Materials || Plastic or Metal || Concrete || Plastic || Plastic
|-
| Footprint || Medium || Small || Medium || Small
|-
| Stackable || Yes || No || Yes || Yes
|-
| Effective Porosity (n') || 0.60 - 0.65 || 0.75 - 0.85 || 0.50 - 0.65 || 0.95
|-
| Maintenance Access || Moderate || Excellent || Moderate || Difficult
|-
| Standard Strength || H-20 || H-25 || H-20 || H-20 - H-25
|}
==Planning Considerations==
All types of modular infiltration systems require a bedding of angular clear stone to permit infiltration, and provide a foundation for the installation:
*Plastic chambers usually have a parabolic shape to support the load above. The spaces between rows of plastic pipes or chambers are filled with clear stone to support overlying structures.
*Concrete vaults and plastic crates are often rectangular-shaped. Concrete vault systems can, in some circumstances, be employed without any additional cover. However, a minimum of 20 cm cover is recommended for most applications. Where this cover is planting soil this can support turf grass. Greater planting soil depths are required to support more deeply rooting plants like perennials and shrubs (45 to 60 cm) and trees (85 to 100 cm).
==Design==
===Sizing===
[[Infiltration: Sizing and modeling]]
===Modeling===
==Materials==
===Chambers===
{{:Infiltration chambers: Specifications}}
{{:Infiltration chambers: Specifications}}
===Aggregates===
{{:Gravel}}
{{:Reservoir gravel}}
===Other===
*[[Geotextiles]]
*[[Geotextiles]]
*[[Pipes]]
*[[Pipes]]
==Construction==
[[Construction]]
==Gallery==
{{:Infiltration chambers: Gallery}}
==External links==
{{:Disclaimer}}
===Plastic chambers===
*[http://stormtechcalc.azurewebsites.net/index.html ADS chambers design tool]
*[http://www.armtec.com/products/product_detail/cutlec-contactor-and-recharger-chambers/161/339/l:eng Armtec]
*[http://echelonenvironmental.ca/stormwater/stormwater-storage/ Echelon]
*[http://cultec.com/products/contactor-recharger-stormwater-chambers/ Cultec]
*[http://nilex.com/products/stormwater-chambers Nilex]
*[http://www.tritonsws.com/ Triton]
===Concrete chambers===
*[http://stormtrap.com/products/singletrap/ Stormtrap]
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