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Line 1: − '''<h3>LID opportunities in parks</h3>'''+ − Parks range from simple parcels of municipal property to − complex outdoor recreational facilities that include parking, − sidewalks, trails, sports fields, field houses, operations − facilities, and washrooms. Each distinct area of your site can − be a source for runoff (referred to as a ‘source area’). These − areas should be targeted when introducing LID in your park. − − '''<h4>Targeting hard surfaces</h4>''' − Hard surfaces like parking lots and internal driveways are the − most obvious areas to target for both stormwater quality and − water balance improvements. These features produce more − runoff than any other area on your site. Water quality of runoff − from parking lots and driveways is typically more polluted − than other source areas. Common water quality concerns − include sand and salt from winter de-icing operations, and − hydrocarbons (gasoline) and metals from vehicle breakdowns − Runoff from vegetated areas of parks will be relatively − clean and more closely match the natural water balance. − On municipal park properties, hard surfaces are usually − located adjacent to pervious areas such as lawns, gardens or naturalized areas. [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|The bioretention area installed at O’Connor Park − in Mississauga is part of a stormwater management system − that treats parking lot runoff prior to discharging to a local − wetland. (Source: CVC)]] − This makes an ideal location for a LID − retrofit. Where grading allows, you can construct bioswales − and bioretention areas in these green areas to pre-treat water − prior to infiltration. − − You can also design parking surfaces and internal roadways − as infiltration systems using permeable pavement. This retrofit − strategy can be combined with other LID practices. − A pedestrian pathway paved with permeable pavement − is another LID option for your park. They will reduce runoff − volumes and encourage on-site infiltration. Pervious pipes − are a viable option on many parks sites as well. They can be − an alternative to conventional conveyance systems such as − storm sewers. They encourage infiltration from hard surfaces − and can be used to convey water to other LID features. − − '''<h4>Accepting drainage from off-site areas</h4>''' − Does municipally owned land drain into your retrofit site? If − so, this is an opportunity to provide stormwater controls for − these areas. − Roads are the most common source of runoff from external − properties into parks. Treating municipal road runoff in a park − requires planning input from municipal roads department − staff. For these projects, the team must understand how all − roads activities, including winter maintenance and potential − roadwork, will affect the operation of LID practices in the park. − − '''<h3>Inter-municipal transfer of funds</h3>''' − Integrating LID practices into the municipal stormwater − management framework may change how municipal funds are − managed. Traditional stormwater management maintenance − resources and funds may have to be transferred to − [[File:Example1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|Urban parkettes may look small, but they have − the potential to treat a large surface area of road. Typical ratios − of impervious drainage area to bioretention range from 5:1 to − 15:1. (Source: CVC)]] − a more landscape-based stormwater management maintenance − program. Instead of infrequent but expensive stormwater − management pond sediment removal operations, time and − resources will be spent on more frequent but inexpensive − maintenance projects including pruning and weeding − bioretention practices or sweeping permeable pavement. − Municipalities generally have the required staff and − infrastructure within departments (e.g. arborist and − horticulturalists in parks departments) to manage the − maintenance of LID measures; however, funding this − maintenance may require a transfer of funding and additional − training.
Redirected page to LID opportunities on public land
#REDIRECT [[LID opportunities on public land]]